Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore

Common Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency1. Fatigue and WeaknessOne of the earliest and most common signs of B12 deficiency is persistent tiredness and muscle weakness. This occurs because B12 is necessary for red blood cell production, which helps transport oxygen throughout the body.2. Pale or Jaundiced SkinA lack of B12 can lead to a condition called megaloblastic anemia, which causes the production of large, fragile red blood cells that break down easily. This can result in pale skin or a yellowish tinge, known as jaundice.3. Numbness and TinglingB12 deficiency affects the nervous system and can cause sensations of pins and needles, numbness, or tingling in the hands and feet. This occurs due to nerve damage caused by inadequate myelin, a protective sheath surrounding nerves.4. Balance and Coordination IssuesIf left untreated, B12 deficiency can affect movement and coordination, increasing the risk of falls, especially in older adults.5. Memory Problems and Difficulty ConcentratingCognitive issues, including memory loss, brain fog, and difficulty concentrating, may occur. In severe cases, prolonged deficiency has been linked to an increased risk of dementia.6. Mood Changes and DepressionLow levels of B12 may contribute to mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. This is because B12 plays a role in synthesizing neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, which regulate mood.7. Shortness of Breath and DizzinessSince B12 deficiency leads to fewer red blood cells, the body struggles to deliver enough oxygen, resulting in shortness of breath, dizziness, or lightheadedness, especially during physical activity.8. Glossitis and Mouth UlcersA swollen, inflamed tongue (glossitis) and painful mouth ulcers can indicate B12 deficiency. The tongue may appear red, swollen, and smooth, sometimes accompanied by a burning sensation.9. Heart PalpitationsB12 deficiency can cause heart palpitations or an irregular heartbeat due to reduced oxygen supply to vital organs.10. Vision ProblemsIn severe cases, optic nerve damage can result in blurred or disturbed vision, making it difficult to see clearly.Who Is at Risk of Vitamin B12 Deficiency?Certain groups are more prone to developing B12 deficiency, including: